Chemical bonding topic check
Test H1 Chemistry bonding, dot-and-cross diagrams, shapes, polarity and structure–property explanations, with targeted practice and later review.
Learning goals
- Describe the ionic bond as the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
- Describe the covalent bond as the electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the positive nuclei
- Describe the metallic bond as the electrostatic attraction between a lattice of positive ions and delocalised electrons
- Describe ionic bonding in sodium chloride and magnesium oxide, using dot-and-cross diagrams
- Describe covalent bonding in H₂, O₂, N₂, Cl₂, HCl, CO₂, CH₄ and C₂H₄, using dot-and-cross diagrams
- Describe dative covalent bonding in the ammonium ion and Al₂Cl₆, using dot-and-cross diagrams
- Describe covalent bonding as overlap of s and p orbitals, forming σ and π bonds
- Use VSEPR theory to explain the shapes and bond angles of BF₃, CO₂, CH₄, NH₃, H₂O and SF₆
- Predict the shapes and bond angles of molecules similar to BF₃, CO₂, CH₄, NH₃, H₂O and SF₆
- Explain and deduce bond polarity from electronegativity
- Deduce whether a molecule is polar from its bond polarities and shape
- Describe intermolecular forces from permanent and induced dipoles, as in CHCl₃, Br₂ and the noble gases
- Describe hydrogen bonding, using ammonia and water as examples of molecules with –NH and –OH groups
- Outline how intermolecular forces allow gases to liquefy at high pressure or low temperature
- Outline how hydrogen bonding affects physical properties, including those of ice and water
- Explain bond energy and bond length for covalent bonds
- Compare how reactive covalent bonds are using bond energy, bond length and bond polarity
- Describe the ionic lattice of sodium chloride and magnesium oxide
- Describe the simple molecular lattice of iodine
- Describe the giant molecular lattices of graphite and diamond
- Describe the hydrogen-bonded lattice of ice
- Describe the metallic lattice of copper
- Describe, interpret and predict how structure and bonding affect a substance's physical properties
- Suggest the structure and bonding in a substance from given information
Your next step
Check what you know
Answer each question and say how sure you are to find what to practise next.
Finding your next step…
Check what you know
Start here to see which parts you already know.
About 8 minutes
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Paper instructions
This shows what to work on next and doesn’t count towards your course progress.
- Question count is checked before you start.
- Feedback appears after you finish and submit.
Your work
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Getting your questions…
Recent attempts
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Beyond the syllabus: optional enrichment that does not count towards your progress.
Practise
Practise questions on the skills you are learning.
About 10 minutes
Use the feedback to improve your answers; this practice does not count towards your progress.
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Paper instructions
This is for practice only and doesn’t count towards your course progress.
- Question count is checked before you start.
- Feedback appears after you check each answer.
Your work
Without an account, unfinished answers stay in this tab. Signed in, they are saved on this device until the deadline shown when you start.
Getting your questions…
Recent attempts
History is stored only in this browser.
No completed attempts are saved yet.
Beyond the syllabus: optional enrichment that does not count towards your progress.
Practise after feedback
After a check, practise the skills it showed you need to work on.
About 10 minutes
Use the feedback to improve your answers; this practice does not count towards your progress.
Time is up and your answers could not be submitted; check your connection and try again.
Paper instructions
This is for practice only and doesn’t count towards your course progress.
- Question count is checked before you start.
- Feedback appears after you check each answer.
Your work
Without an account, unfinished answers stay in this tab. Signed in, they are saved on this device until the deadline shown when you start.
Getting your questions…
Recent attempts
History is stored only in this browser.
No completed attempts are saved yet.
Beyond the syllabus: optional enrichment that does not count towards your progress.
Check your progress
When you feel ready, answer on your own to show what you can do.
About 10 minutes
Use the feedback to improve your answers; this practice does not count towards your progress.
Time is up and your answers could not be submitted; check your connection and try again.
Paper instructions
Your result can count towards your course progress.
- Question count is checked before you start.
- Feedback appears after you finish and submit.
Your work
Without an account, unfinished answers stay in this tab. Signed in, they are saved on this device until the deadline shown when you start.
Getting your questions…
Recent attempts
History is stored only in this browser.
No completed attempts are saved yet.
Beyond the syllabus: optional enrichment that does not count towards your progress.
Check again
After practising what your progress check showed, check those skills again.
About 10 minutes
Use the feedback to improve your answers; this practice does not count towards your progress.
Time is up and your answers could not be submitted; check your connection and try again.
Paper instructions
Your result can count towards your course progress.
- Question count is checked before you start.
- Feedback appears after you finish and submit.
Your work
Without an account, unfinished answers stay in this tab. Signed in, they are saved on this device until the deadline shown when you start.
Getting your questions…
Recent attempts
History is stored only in this browser.
No completed attempts are saved yet.
Beyond the syllabus: optional enrichment that does not count towards your progress.
Review
Come back later to see whether your learning has lasted.
About 10 minutes
Use the feedback to improve your answers; this practice does not count towards your progress.
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Paper instructions
A scheduled review counts towards your course progress only when it is due.
- Question count is checked before you start.
- Feedback appears after you finish and submit.
Your work
Without an account, unfinished answers stay in this tab. Signed in, they are saved on this device until the deadline shown when you start.
Getting your questions…
Recent attempts
History is stored only in this browser.
No completed attempts are saved yet.
Beyond the syllabus: optional enrichment that does not count towards your progress.
Practise: multiple-choice
Practise questions on the skills you are learning.
About 10 minutes
Use the feedback to improve your answers; this practice does not count towards your progress.
Time is up and your answers could not be submitted; check your connection and try again.
Paper instructions
This is for practice only and doesn’t count towards your course progress.
- Question count is checked before you start.
- Feedback appears after you check each answer.
Your work
Without an account, unfinished answers stay in this tab. Signed in, they are saved on this device until the deadline shown when you start.
Practice settings
Getting your questions…
Recent attempts
History is stored only in this browser.
No completed attempts are saved yet.
Beyond the syllabus: optional enrichment that does not count towards your progress.
Practise: written
Practise questions on the skills you are learning.
About 10 minutes
Use the feedback to improve your answers; this practice does not count towards your progress.
Time is up and your answers could not be submitted; check your connection and try again.
Paper instructions
This is for practice only and doesn’t count towards your course progress.
- Question count is checked before you start.
- Feedback appears after you check each answer.
Your work
Without an account, unfinished answers stay in this tab. Signed in, they are saved on this device until the deadline shown when you start.
Practice settings
Getting your questions…
Recent attempts
History is stored only in this browser.
No completed attempts are saved yet.
Beyond the syllabus: optional enrichment that does not count towards your progress.
Next step