The Particulate Nature of Matter structured questions · SEC G3 Pure Chemistry

Learning objectives

• describe the solid, liquid and gaseous states of matter and explain their interconversion in terms of the kinetic particle theory and of the energy changes involved.
• describe and explain evidence for the movement of particles in liquids and gases (the treatment of Brownian motion is not required)
• explain everyday effects of diffusion in terms of particles, e.g. the spread of perfumes and cooking aromas; tea and coffee grains in water
• state qualitatively the effect of molecular mass on the rate of diffusion and explain the dependence of rate of diffusion on temperature.
• state the relative charges and approximate relative masses of a proton, a neutron and an electron
• describe, with the aid of diagrams, the structure of an atom as consisting of protons and neutrons (nucleons) in the nucleus and electrons arranged in shells (energy levels) (knowledge of s, p, d and f classification is not required; a copy of the Periodic Table will be available in Papers 1 and 2)
• define proton (atomic) number and nucleon (mass) number
• interpret and use nuclide notations such as 126 C
• define the term isotopes
• deduce the numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons in atoms and ions given proton and nucleon numbers.