Particle Model & States of Matter
Particle-model reasoning for solids, liquids, gases, diffusion, and state-change explanations.
This route helps when you keep missing the same type of question across different topics. Use it to combine lesson notes with linked practice and tools in one place.
Notes and Hubs in This Route
- Diffusion
Diffusion: net movement from high to low concentration, particle explanation, and factors affecting speed (temperature, state, molecular mass).
- Kinetic particle theory
Use Kinetic Particle Theory to explain solids, liquids, gases, changes of state and diffusion through particle arrangement, motion and energy.
- What is matter?
Matter: made of atoms, molecules or ions, and the particle-model properties of solids, liquids and gases (shape, volume, compressibility).
- Period 3 Elements: Melting Point and Conductivity (A Level)
Explain melting point and electrical conductivity trends across Period 3 (Na→Cl) using structure and bonding: metallic, giant covalent and simple molecular.
- Changes of state and heating curves
Changes of state: melting, boiling, freezing, condensation and sublimation, plus interpreting heating/cooling curves using particle theory.
- The Particulate Nature of Matter
Chemistry Matter hub: particle model, atoms/electron configuration, and bonding (ionic, covalent, metallic, giant covalent). Practise the topic with its check.